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The Parkland formula is a burn formula used to estimate the amount of replacement fluid required for the first 24 hours in a burn patient so as to ensure they remain hemodynamically stable.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/934173-treatment )〕 The milliliter amount of fluid required for the first 24 hours -usually Ringer's lactate- is four times the product of the body weight and the burn percentage (i.e. body surface area affected by burns). The first half of the fluid is given within 8 hours from the burn incident, and the remaining over next 16 hours. Only second- and third-degree burn area are taken into consideration, as first-degree burns do not cause hemodynamically significant fluid shift to warrant fluid replacement. The Parkland formula is mathematically expressed as:〔 : where mass is in kilograms (kg), area as a percentage of total body surface area, and volume is in milliliters (mL). For example, a person weighing 75 kg with burns to 20% of his or her body surface area would require 4 x 75 x 20 = 6,000 mL of fluid replacement within 24 hours. The first half of this amount is delivered within 8 hours from the burn incident, and the remaining fluid is delivered in the next 16 hours.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://kallus.com/er/calculations/parkland.htm )〕 The burn percentage in adults can be estimated by applying the Wallace rule of nines (see total body surface area): 9% for each arm, 18% for each leg, 18% for the front of the torso, 18% for the back of the torso, and 9% for the head and 1% for the perineum.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mdcalc.com/parkland-formula-for-burns )〕 ==See also== *Charles R. Baxter *Parkland Memorial Hospital 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parkland formula」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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